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متالوژی::
نرخ کرنش
Larger particle size, orientation, and dependence on strain rate in the stress-strain behavior are the main drawbacks.
At high strain rates the dislocations do not alter to obtain the right shearing sequence, and deformation is a conse- quence of slippage alone.
Within the limitations placed by proprietary rights, cost of experiments, and inadequate means for measuring temperatures, strain, and strain rates, progress has been made in determining the thermal and mechanical processing needed for specific applications.
The flow of metal can be simulated during a forging operation with finite element method form of codes, and also provide stresses and strain rate during the operation in the forged product.
The variation of flow stress with temperature, strain rate, and starting microstructure is available for many different alloys.
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